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Beam (music) : ウィキペディア英語版
Beam (music)

In musical notation, a beam is a horizontal or diagonal line used to connect multiple consecutive notes (and occasionally rests) in order to indicate rhythmic grouping. Only eighth notes (quavers) or shorter can be beamed. The number of beams is equal to the number of flags that would be present on an un-beamed note.
==Grouping==
The span of beams indicates the rhythmic grouping, usually determined by the time signature. Therefore, beams do not usually cross bar lines, or major sub-divisions of bars. If notes extend across these divisions, this is indicated with a tie.
In modern practice beams may span across rests in order to make rhythmic groups clearer.
In vocal music, beams were traditionally used only to connect notes sung to the same syllable.〔Westergaard, Peter. ''An Introduction to Tonal Theory.'' p.24. 1975.〕 In modern practice it is more common to use standard beaming rules, while indicating multi-note syllables with slurs.〔(Standard Music Notation Practice ) ''Music Publishers' Association of the United States'' (Accessed: 4 April 2013)〕

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